PPolySim OS

Least Squares

Curve fitting made visible. Drag a cloud of data points and watch the best-fit polynomial re-solve in real time — the workhorse behind every trendline and regression model.

Least Squares StudioLive

Controls

Drag any point to reshape the cloud and watch the best-fit curve re-solve instantly. Pink segments are the residuals least squares minimizes; raise the degree to bend the curve — and to see overfitting.

Presets

▶ Run in Python

Data Inspector

0.9888
RMSE0.225
Degree1
Data points10
Methodnormal equations
ŷ = 1.03 + 0.804·x

Governing equation

Reading this result: Least squares picks the coefficients that minimize Σ(yᵢ − ŷᵢ)² — the total squared length of the pink residual segments. Solving the normal equations (XᵀX)β = Xᵀy yields that minimum directly, no iteration. This degree-1 fit explains R² = 0.989 of the variance (RMSE 0.22). Raise the degree to bend the curve — but push it too high and it starts chasing noise instead of the underlying trend.

Runs locally in your browser — free forever. Scale to the cloud when reality gets heavy.

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How it works

Least-squares fitting chooses the polynomial coefficients that minimize the sum of squared vertical residuals between the data and the curve. This studio solves the normal equations (XᵀX)β = Xᵀy directly with Gaussian elimination — the same closed-form linear-algebra route numpy's polyfit and lstsq take. Drag points to reshape the data, raise the degree to bend the curve through more points, and watch R² climb toward 1 while the fit starts chasing noise: a hands-on look at the bias-variance tradeoff and overfitting.

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The math, the assumptions, real-world uses, or a code translation — explained for this exact simulation.

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Frequently asked questions

Is this least squares regression fit tool really free?
Yes. Least Squares runs entirely in your browser using your device's own compute, so local use is free forever. You only pay Compute Tokens if you scale a job to the cloud.
Do I need to install anything?
No. Everything runs client-side in a modern browser — no downloads, no license, no account required to start.
Can I save or share my simulation?
Create a free account to save projects, and use a shareable embed or minted DOI to publish a live, interactive version anywhere.
How accurate are the results?
The solver uses established numerical methods, but results are for research and educational purposes and should be validated against experiment or professional review before you rely on them.