Op-Amp Circuits

Two resistors and an op-amp make an amplifier of any gain you like. See how feedback sets the gain, and watch the output clip when it hits the supply rails.

Op-Amp CircuitsLive

ideal amplifier configurations

Controls

Presets

Input R1 (kΩ)

Feedback R2 (kΩ)

Input amplitude (V)

The op-amp is the fundamental building block of analog electronics. With negative feedback, its gain is set entirely by external resistors: an inverting amp gives −R2/R1, a non-inverting amp 1+R2/R1. An integrator uses a feedback capacitor to output the running integral of its input.

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Data Inspector

Configurationinverting

Gain-10.00×

Output-10.00 V

Statuslinear

Governing equation

A = - \frac{R _{2}}{R _{1}} = - \frac{100}{10} = - 10.00 \times

Reading this result: Inverting gain is −R2/R1 = -10.00×: the output is a scaled, flipped copy of the input, set entirely by the resistor ratio.

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How it works

The operational amplifier is the fundamental analog building block. With negative feedback its gain is set entirely by external resistors: an inverting amp gives −R2/R1, a non-inverting amp 1+R2/R1, and an integrator produces the running integral of its input. Push the input too hard and the output saturates at the supply rails.

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