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For K-12 Students · Interplanetary Transfer

Interplanetary Transfer for a blood flow

Built for k-12 students learning it in middle or high school. Watch the idea come alive with plain-language steps and everyday examples — perfect for projects and homework. Simulate a blood flow live below — adjust the inputs and watch it respond, right in your browser.

Orbital Transfer

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Orbital Transfer (Hohmann)Live

minimum-energy orbit change

Controls

Speed1×

The Hohmann transfer is the fuel-cheapest way between two circular orbits: one burn to enter the transfer ellipse, one to circularize. See the two Δv costs.

Presets

Inner orbit radius

Outer orbit radius

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Data Inspector

Δv burn 11.64

Δv burn 21.34

Total Δv2.99

Transfer time61.3

Governing equation

Δ v = \frac{μ}{90} (\frac{2 \cdot 200}{90 + 200} - 1) + \frac{μ}{200} (1 - \frac{2 \cdot 90}{90 + 200}) = 2.99

Reading this result: A moderate transfer (90 → 200, ~2.2×): burn 1 (1.64) enters the ellipse, burn 2 (1.34) circularizes. Bigger ratios cost more total Δv (2.99) and coast longer (61.3).

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Escape Velocity

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Escape & Orbital VelocityLive

how fast to leave a world

Escape velocity — Earth

11.19km/s

7.91

orbital km/s

1.00

surface g (× Earth)

Controls

Custom body

Presets

Escape velocity v = √(2GM/R) is the speed needed to break free of a body's gravity from its surface, ignoring air resistance. Circular orbital velocity is √(GM/R) — a factor of √2 smaller. Both depend only on mass and radius, not on the mass of the escaping object.

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Data Inspector

Escape velocity11.19 km/s

Orbital velocity7.91 km/s

Surface gravity9.82 m/s²

Governing equation

v_{e} = \frac{2 GM}{R} = \frac{2 ( 6.674 \times 1 0 ^{- 11} ) ( 5.97 e + 24 )}{6.37 e + 6} = 11.19 km/s

Reading this result: Leaving Earth takes 11.2 km/s no matter the spacecraft mass, while a circular orbit needs only 7.9 km/s — smaller by exactly √2 (about 1.41×).

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Frequently asked questions

Is this good for k-12 students?: Yes — this version of "Interplanetary Transfer for a blood flow" is framed for k-12 students learning it in middle or high school. Watch the idea come alive with plain-language steps and everyday examples — perfect for projects and homework.
Do I need to install anything?: No. It runs in any modern browser, free, with no account required.