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For Students · Process Capability

Process Capability for a PCB assembly

Built for students learning it for a class or exam. See the concept move instead of memorizing formulas — and check your homework intuition. Simulate a PCB assembly live below — adjust the inputs and watch it respond, right in your browser.

Process Capability (Cp / Cpk)Live

how good is the process?

Controls

Presets

Process mean

Process σ

Spec width (USL−LSL)

Cp compares the spec width to the process spread — can the process fit inside the tolerances at all? Cpk also accounts for how well-centered it is. A Cpk of 1.33 is the usual bar for capable; 2.0 is Six Sigma quality with just 3.4 defects per million. Widen the spread or push the mean off-center and defects climb fast.

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Data Inspector

Cp1.00

Cpk1.00

Defects2700 ppm

Ratingmarginal

Sigma level4.5σ

Capability indices

C_{p} = \frac{U S L - L S L}{6 σ} = \frac{53.0 - 47.0}{6 ( 1.0 )} = 1.00, C_{p k} = min (\frac{U S L - μ}{3 σ}, \frac{μ - L S L}{3 σ}) = 1.00

Reading this result: Centered and capable at Cpk 1.00, comfortably above the 1.33 industry bar.

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Frequently asked questions

Is this good for students?: Yes — this version of "Process Capability for a PCB assembly" is framed for students learning it for a class or exam. See the concept move instead of memorizing formulas — and check your homework intuition.
Do I need to install anything?: No. It runs in any modern browser, free, with no account required.