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For Students · Sampling & Nyquist

Sampling & Nyquist for a PCB trace

Built for students learning it for a class or exam. See the concept move instead of memorizing formulas — and check your homework intuition. Simulate a PCB trace live below — adjust the inputs and watch it respond, right in your browser.

Sampling & NyquistLive

when digital gets it wrong

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Signal frequency (Hz)

Sample rate fs (Hz)

The Nyquist–Shannon theorem says you must sample faster than twice the highest frequency. Sample too slowly and a high frequency masquerades as a low one — aliasing — which is why anti-alias filters guard every ADC. Educational tool.

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Data Inspector

Nyquist rate10 Hz

Samplingtoo slow ⚠

Apparent frequency3.0 Hz

Governing equation

f_{s} > 2 f_{m a x} : 8 Hz < 10 Hz \Rightarrow f_{alias} = 3.0 Hz

Reading this result: Undersampled: fs=8 Hz is below the 10 Hz Nyquist rate, so the 5 Hz tone masquerades as a false 3.0 Hz signal.

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Frequently asked questions

Is this good for students?: Yes — this version of "Sampling & Nyquist for a PCB trace" is framed for students learning it for a class or exam. See the concept move instead of memorizing formulas — and check your homework intuition.
Do I need to install anything?: No. It runs in any modern browser, free, with no account required.