PPolySim OS

Gaussian Beam

A laser beam is not a perfect straight ray. It pinches to a minimum waist, then inevitably spreads — the diffraction limit written into every beam of light.

Gaussian BeamLive

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A real laser beam is not a perfect ray — it narrows to a minimum waist then spreads. Within one Rayleigh range of the waist it stays roughly collimated; beyond, it diverges at an angle set by wavelength over waist size. Tighter focus means faster spreading — the fundamental diffraction trade-off behind every laser and telescope.

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Data Inspector

Rayleigh range0.012 m
Divergence4.03 mrad
Waist50 µm

Governing equation

Reading this result: Divergence is set by λ/(π·w₀): shrinking the waist or lengthening the wavelength both make the beam spread faster — the core diffraction trade-off.

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How it works

A Gaussian beam narrows to a waist and expands as a hyperbola. Within one Rayleigh range of the waist it stays nearly collimated; beyond that it diverges at an angle set by wavelength divided by waist size. Focusing tighter forces faster spreading — the unavoidable trade-off that shapes laser cutting, microscopy, and free-space optical links.

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Frequently asked questions

Is this Gaussian beam Rayleigh range tool really free?
Yes. Gaussian Beam runs entirely in your browser using your device's own compute, so local use is free forever. You only pay Compute Tokens if you scale a job to the cloud.
Do I need to install anything?
No. Everything runs client-side in a modern browser — no downloads, no license, no account required to start.
Can I save or share my simulation?
Create a free account to save projects, and use a shareable embed or minted DOI to publish a live, interactive version anywhere.
How accurate are the results?
The solver uses established numerical methods, but results are for research and educational purposes and should be validated against experiment or professional review before you rely on them.